Providing asylum to the persecuted is a vital and treasured part of the American humanitarian tradition. It deserves reaffirmation and continued commitment. The asylum process, however, can also become a misused exception in the nation’s immigration laws, especially in a time of improved transcontinental travel and communications. Two important...
Judicial Review (Recommendations)
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- Recommendation number: 89-4
- Adopted on: June 16, 1989
- Tags: Adjudication, Asylum, Hearings, Immigration, Judicial Review
- Recommendation number: 89-5
- Adopted on: June 16, 1989
- Tags: Chevron, Judicial Review, Statutory Interpretation
Agencies continually interpret the statutes they administer. Their interpretations are expressed in a great variety of formats—including, among others, legislative regulations, adjudicatory opinions, court briefs, interpretive rules, policy statements, staff instructions, correspondence,...
- Recommendation number: 88-6
- Adopted on: September 16, 1988
- Tags: Choice of Forum, Congress, Judicial Forum, Judicial Review, Jurisdiction
The Administrative Conference of the United States has long had an interest in forum allocation in administrative cases. In Recommendation No. 75-3, “The Choice of Forum for Judicial Review of Administrative Action” (1975), the Conference stated criteria for determining the appropriate judicial forum for the review of final administrative action....
- Recommendation number: 91-9
- Adopted on: December 13, 1991
- Tags: Congress, Judicial Review, Specialized Courts
In recent years, there has been much talk of a crisis in the federal courts. In response, Congress empanelled the Federal Courts Study Committee, charging it with responsibility to examine the problems facing the courts and to develop a long-range plan for addressing them. The Committee issued its report in April 1990, touching on many different...
- Recommendation number: 93-2
- Adopted on: June 10, 1993
- Tags: Appeals, Bank Regulation, Congress, Judicial Review
In the wake of the recent crises in the banking industry, Congress has passed two major statutes affecting the relationship among the four principal banking regulators (the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, and the Office of Thrift Supervision)...
- Recommendation number: 93-4
- Adopted on: December 9, 1993
- Tags: Administrative Procedure Act (APA), Congress, Judicial Review, Rulemaking
Informed observers generally agree that the rulemaking process has become both increasingly less effective and more time-consuming. The Administrative Procedure Act does not reflect many of the current realities of rulemaking. The APA’s cumbersome “formal rulemaking” procedures are rarely used except in some adjudicative-type rate proceedings....
- Recommendation number: 82-7
- Adopted on: December 17, 1982
- Tags: Congress, Enforcement, Judicial Review
A person adversely affected by an agency rule may ordinarily obtain judicial review of that rule either by instituting a direct review proceeding against the agency in an appropriate court (pre-enforcement review)1 or by asserting the invalidity of the rule as a defense...
- Recommendation number: 80-5
- Adopted on: December 11, 1980
- Tags: Choice of Forum, Congress, Judicial Forum, Judicial Review
Many agency actions subject to direct review in the courts of appeals involve more than one private party that may legitimately consider itself aggrieved by the agency action. In most such cases, a single court of appeals is not specified by statute as the reviewing court, and venue may lie in more than one such court. Many lawyers believe that one court of appeals is likely to be more...
- Recommendation number: 80-2
- Adopted on: June 5, 1980
- Tags: Congress, Energy, Judicial Review, Petroleum Pricing, Remedial Orders
The Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act of 1973 provides the President with broad pricing and allocation authority over petroleum products. Pursuant to this authority, a succession of agencies—including the Federal Energy Office (FEO), the Federal Energy Administration (FEA), and, since the passage of the Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977 (DOE Act), the Department...
- Recommendation number: 79-6
- Adopted on: December 14, 1979
- Tags: Bumpers Amendment, Congress, Judicial Review
Symptomatic of concern that reviewing courts do not probe as deeply as they should into the legality of agency action and that, as a consequence, administrative rules may be too broad in their reach is the so-called Bumpers Amendment to S. 1477, the Federal Courts Improvement Act of 1979.
The Bumpers Amendment in its principal operative part amends...